Network technology refers to the hardware, software, protocols, and infrastructure used to enable communication between devices in a network. It includes various types of networks such as Local Area Networks (LANs), Wide Area Networks (WANs), Wireless Networks (Wi-Fi, 5G), and the Internet.
Key Components of Network Technology:
Network Devices:
- Routers: Direct data between networks.
- Switches: Connect multiple devices within a network.
- Hubs & Bridges: Basic data distribution in a network.
- Modems: Convert digital and analog signals for internet access.
Network Protocols:
- TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): Fundamental for internet communication.
- HTTP/HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol): Used for web browsing.
- FTP (File Transfer Protocol): For transferring files between computers.
- DNS (Domain Name System): Resolves domain names into IP addresses.
Types of Networks:
- LAN (Local Area Network): Small network within a limited area (e.g., home, office).
- WAN (Wide Area Network): Covers large geographic areas (e.g., the internet).
- MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): Connects multiple LANs within a city.
- PAN (Personal Area Network): Short-range network (e.g., Bluetooth, NFC).
Wireless & Mobile Networks:
- Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity): Wireless internet access.
- 5G & LTE: Mobile communication networks.
- Bluetooth & NFC (Near Field Communication): Short-distance wireless communication.
Network Security:
- Firewalls: Protect networks from unauthorized access.
- VPN (Virtual Private Network): Secure remote access.
- Encryption: Protects data transmission (e.g., SSL/TLS).
Cloud & Virtual Networks:
- SDN (Software-Defined Networking): Virtualized network management.
- Cloud Networking: Uses cloud infrastructure for network services.
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